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Over 1000 Windows 95 Programs (Microforum) (Disc 2).iso
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0355
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titrate.doc
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1997-03-31
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Using the program Titrate
The purpose of titrate is to provide the introductory
chemistry student with practice in doing acid/base titrations of
various types. Simulated reactions can be run in a fraction of
the time as conventional methods, although hands on experience for
at least one titration in the laboratory is recommended. The
program will provide the student with practice in doing the
calculations involved in doing titrations. Students will be
presented with a code display which corresponds to a predetermined
concentration of unknown acid or base. The student will determine
the equivalence point for four different reactions both graphically
and by using various acid/base indicators.
See the lab that accompanies the registered program for more
information.
Installing titrate on you hard drive.
To install titrate on your hard drive type and enter the word
install at the dos prompt when you are in the directory where the
titrate files are contained. A directory called c:\titrate will
be created and all files will be transferred to that directory.
As an alternative use the dos copy command to copy all files to a
directory of your choice.
To show the titrate icon on Program Manager in Windows select
the program group you want to contain the icon. Select New from
the File menu of Program Manager. Program item should be chosen.
The name of the program is Titrate and the command line is
c:\titrate\titrate.exe. Double click on the icon to start the
program.
Advantages of registering:
When you register (see register.doc) you will receive a
registered copy of titrate and a lab for student use. Registration
costs $10 + $2 shipping and handling. This fee entitles you to a
site license for the program and a copy of a lab which can be used
with the program.
Using the program:
Titration Menu:
Strong Acid/Strong Base...F2
When this menu item is chosen a titration analyzing HCl using
NaOH as the titrant will be presented to the user. The addition
rate is controlled by using the scroll bar at the lower left of the
screen. Adjust the scroll bar by clicking on the thumb control or
the arrows on the scroll bar with the mouse. The left and right
arrow keys will also change the rate of base addition. When you
are ready to begin the titration press the Home key. The titration
may be stopped momentarily by pressing the End key. It may be
repeated by clicking on the Repeat menu item at the top of the
screen.
It is suggested that the first run be done using a high
addition rate so that the approximate volume required for
neutralization can be determined. The reaction can then be
repeated by choosing the Repeat menu item . Use a slow addition
rate (0.01 ml is best) when close to the equivalence point so that
the exact volume which causes a color change can be determined.
The concentration of HCl is determined by the display code given
at the beginning of the titration. See the lab accompanying the
registered version of titrate for the meaning of the codes.
Strong Acid/Weak Base...F3
When this menu item is chosen a titration analyzing HCl using
NH3 as the titrant will be presented to the user. The addition
rate is controlled by using the scroll bar at the lower left of the
screen. Adjust the scroll bar by clicking on the thumb control or
the arrows on the scroll bar with the mouse. The left and right
arrow keys will also change the rate of base addition. When you
are ready to begin the titration press the Home key. The titration
may be stopped momentarily by pressing the End key. It may be
repeated by clicking on the Repeat menu item at the top of the
screen.
It is suggested that the first run be done using a high
addition rate so that the approximate volume required for
neutralization can be determined. The reaction can then be
repeated by choosing the Repeat menu item . Use a slow addition
rate (0.01 ml is best) when close to the equivalence point so that
the exact volume which causes a color change can be determined.
The concentration of HCl is determined by the display code given
at the beginning of the titration. See the lab accompanying the
registered version of titrate for the meaning of the codes.
Weak Acid/Strong Base...F4
When this menu item is chosen a titration analyzing HC2H3O2
using NaOH as the titrant will be presented to the user. The
addition rate is controlled by using the scroll bar at the lower
left of the screen. Adjust the scroll bar by clicking on the thumb
control or the arrows on the scroll bar with the mouse. The left
and right arrow keys will also change the rate of base addition.
When you are ready to begin the titration press the Home key. The
titration may be stopped momentarily by pressing the End key. It
may be repeated by clicking on the Repeat menu item at the top of
the screen.
It is suggested that the first run be done using a high
addition rate so that the approximate volume required for
neutralization can be determined. The reaction can then be
repeated by choosing the Repeat menu item . Use a slow addition
rate (0.01 ml is best) when close to the equivalence point so that
the exact volume which causes a color change can be determined.
The concentration of HCl is determined by the display code given
at the beginning of the titration. See the lab accompanying the
registered version of titrate for the meaning of the codes.
Weak Diprotic/Strong Base...F5
When this menu item is chosen a titration analyzing H2C2O4
using NaOH as the titrant will be presented to the user. The
addition rate is controlled by using the scroll bar at the lower
left of the screen. Adjust the scroll bar by clicking on the thumb
control or the arrows on the scroll bar with the mouse. The left
and right arrow keys will also change the rate of base addition.
When you are ready to begin the titration press the Home key. The
titration may be stopped momentarily by pressing the End key. It
may be repeated by clicking on the Repeat menu item at the top of
the screen.
It is suggested that the first run be done using a high
addition rate so that the approximate volume required for
neutralization can be determined. The reaction can then be
repeated by choosing the Repeat menu item . Use a slow addition
rate (0.01 ml is best) when close to the equivalence point so that
the exact volume which causes a color change can be determined.
The concentration of HCl is determined by the display code given
at the beginning of the titration. See the lab accompanying the
registered version of titrate for the meaning of the codes.
Exit Alt-X. Press Alt-X or choose from the Titration menu.
Titration menu:
Display codes
Will display the code used to determine the acid
concentration. The code will be a letter and will correspond to
a predetermined concentration.
Starting the Reaction
Pressing the Home key will start the titration if there is an
addition rate larger than zero. To change the addition rate click
on the scroll bar at the lower right hand corner of the screen with
the mouse and move the thumb control. The left and right arrow
keys can also control the addition rate.
Stopping the reaction
To stop the titration temporarily press the End key. Any
necessary data that needs to be recorded at this time can be
recorded. To start the reaction again press the Home key.
If you have any problems my E-Mail address is
ALLENT@mail.firn.edu
Timothy J. Allen
DISCLAIMER
----------
THE TITRATE TITRATION PROGRAM IS SOLD "AS IS" AND WITHOUT
WARRANTIES AS TO PERFORMANCE OR ANY OTHER WARRANTIES WHETHER
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. BECAUSE OF THE VARIOUS HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
ENVIRONMENTS INTO WHICH THIS PROGRAM MAY BE PUT, NO WARRANTY OF
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS OFFERED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHOR OF THIS SOFTWARE BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE THIS PROGRAM.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS' LIABILITY FOR ANY DAMAGES EVER
EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE LICENSE TO USE THE SOFTWARE,
REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF CLAIM. THE PERSON USING THE SOFTWARE
BEARS ALL RISKS AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE.
THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH
THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA.